Steam and hot-water heater.



Patented Apr. 16, 1912.

2 BHBETS-BHBET 1.

APPLIDATIOH FILED JUNE 16, 1909.

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I... K. PEGK.

STEAM AND HOT WATER HEATER.

APPLIGATIOH FILED JUNE 1a. moe.

1,023,591. Patented Apr. 16,1912.

2 BHIIET B-SHEET Z.

llllllllllll l cnLuMBm PLANoGnAPH co., wAsHlNc'ruN, n.

UNITED STATESi PATENT OFFICE.

LOUIS K. PECK, OF SYRACUSE, NEW YORK.

STEAM AND HOT-WATER HEATER.

To aN whoml t m covacernf:

lie it known that I, Lotus K. Paoli, of Syracuse, in the county of Onondaga, in the State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Steam and HotlVater Heaters, of which the following, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a full, clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to certain improvements in steam and hot water heaters comprising` a plurality of horizontal sections arranged end to end one upon the other and capped by a suitable dome or smoke chamber having a damper for direct or indirect passage of the products ot combustion to the smoke A[ine not shown.

My main object is to produce a low priced combined steam and hot water heater capable of being installed at a comparatively small cost, and in which some of the horizontal sections are duplicated so that the capacity of the boiler may be readily increased or diminished by simply adding or reducing. the number of like sections.

Another object is to construct and arrange the sections of the boiler in such manner that the cooler water which is admitted into thc section surrounding the combustion chamber is caused to flow progressively upwardly and radially to and from the center of the superposed sections through comparatively shallow channels staggered with each other and lying in the path of the upwardly escaping products ot' combustion, thereby producing a rapid heating of the water or con version of such water into steam without seriously retarding its free circulation upwardly through the distributing pipes. In other words. one ot the important objects of my invention is to construct each of the main water heating sections in the form of a wheel disposed horizontally and provided with a hollow rim and hollow hub, and hollow spokes connecting the hub with the rim, and to provide the hub with a horizontal partition dividing its interior into upper and lower compartments with which alternate spokes communicate so that the upflowing water will pass first from the lower ctimpartment of the hub directly to the hollow rim and thence backwardly through other spokes to the upper compartment where it continues to flow in the same manner through a similar superposed section or Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed June 16, 1909.

Patented Apr. 16, 1912. Serial No. 502,537.

' sections until it finally reaches the distribating drum where it is either converted into steam or allowed to circulate through the distributing pipes as may be desired.

Other objects and uses relating to speciiic parts of the boiler' will be brought out in the followingdescription.

In the drawings Figures 1 and 2 are vertical sectional views of a horizontal sectional boiler embodying the various features of my invention, said views being taken atright angles to each other. and one of the water sections in Fig. l being shown in elevation. Figs. 3 and 4 are horizontal sectional views taken respectively on lines 8 3 and 4 4, Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a transverse sec tional view through one of the spokes of one of the wheel sections.

This boiler comprises a base section 1 an ash pit section 2 a` water base section 3 one or more intermediate water sections lt a steam drain or distributing section 5 and a top or smoke section G the sections l, 2, 3, 4 and 5 being preferably circular in top plan and of nearly the same diameter, although the ash pit section Q is somewhat flaring downwardly.

The base section 1 which is adapted to rest upon the iloor or other available support, is provided with the usual annular Harige 7 into which is fitted the lower end of the ash pit section 2 the latter being provided with a suitable cleanout opening 8- and door Q which may also serve as a` draft door.

The front and rear sides of the upper end of the ash pit section are provided with suitable bearings 9 which open at the top for receiving and supporting grate bars l0 the latter having their front ends projecting through some distance beyond the front side of the ash pit section above the door opening 8- and are provided with angular extremities 11 adapted to be engaged by a suitable shaker.

The water base 3 is fitted and rests upon the upper end of the ash pit section 2- and is provided with a central combustion chamber 12 and a water chamber l3 surrounding the combustion chamber. The front side of this water base is provided with a fuel inlet opening I4- partitioned off from the water chamber 13- and provided with a suitable door -15 said fuel opening 14E- leading to the combustion chamber and being disposed substantially midway between the lower and upper ends of the water base. This water base is preferably made ot cast iron and is provided at its upper end with a series of hollow radial spokes 41G spaced equidistant apart around the axis ot section -3- and connected to a central hollow hub 17- to form a series of radial conduits leading from the chamber 153- to the interior of the hub. The vertical depth of this hub is somewhat less than the vertical length of the outer ends of the spokes, which Hare downwardly from the hub to permit a free upward and inward fiow of the heated water from the chamber -13 to the interior of the hub 17 as best seen in Figs. 1 and 2. Each of the spokes 16" is also flaring transverselyr and upwardly; that is, each spoke is of greater width at the top than at the bottom so as to overhang more or less the intervening fire passages, -18-, between the spokes, thereby causing the upwardly passing products of combustion to impinge against the sides, as well as the bottom, of the spokes. It is no-w clear that the bottom of the hub -17-- and spokes -lconstitute the crown sheet for the combustion chamber and that as the water is heated in the chamber d13 by radiation through the sides of the combustion chamber, such heated water is immediately deflected inwardly from all sides toward the center or into the hub 1T- directly over the point of greatest heat in the combustion chamber where it is additionally and quickly heated to a high degree.

The upper end of the hub 17- is provided with a central opening into which is screwed an upflow pipe nipple 19M having its upper end protruding some distance beyond the upper end of the hub -17- and upon which is screwed the lower end of the central hub of the superposed water section 4L- In Figs. 1 and 2 I have shown two of these water sections -4-, each being circular in top plan and comprising a hollow central hub -20-, hollow spokes 21M and -21- radiating from the hub, and a hollow rim 9.2- connected to and communicating with the outer ends of the spokes. The interior of the hub 20- is divided substantially midway between its ends by a horizontal partition -23- into lower and upper compartments 24- and -25- so that each compartment is substantially one half of the vertical height of the rim Q2- The outer ends of the spokes -21- and -21- are of substantially the same vertical height as the rim Q2- but their inner ends are substantially the same vertical height as the corresponding compartments Q4- and 25 with which they communicate, so

that the inner ends of the hollow spokes are of considerably less vertical height than the outer ends and said spokes, theretore, flare longitudinally and outwardly. One set of spokes, as Wem, which alternate with the other lset, as #Al connect the lower coinpartlnent 2iof the hub wvL0 with the chamber, as -QQ ot the rinx #ELLE while the other set of spokes` as --2l connect the upper compartment with said chamber, so that the uptlowing water from the water base #13- through the pipe con nection d19- is retarded in its further upytlow through the hub #QO by the partition 23e thereby causing such water to pass laterally and radially through the spokes Qland into the hollow rini 22- and thence returning radially through the spokes w21 to the upper compartment --25 above the partition As previously intimated, these spokes are spaced seine distance apart torniing intervening tire passages 4Qti. said spokes 91 and --QV- flaring upwardly in transverse section, as shown in Fig. so as to be wider at the top than at the bottom, similar to the spokes ----l(34 of the water base section i, thereby causing the heated products of combustion to impinge against the sides as well as the bottoni of such spokes.

Both ot the water sections or rings 4- are identical in construction but when two or more ot these sections are used their spokes are arranged in staggered relation; Y'. c., the spokes of each superposed section are arranged directly over the tire passages between the spokes of the next lower section` but in all of these rings the 'transverse width of the spokes is less than the transverse width of the intervening fire passages.

The meeting ends ot the hubs ot the sections WJlare connected together by pipe nipples -QQ- of substantially the same construction as the nipples --19- previously described. and it is clearly evident that as the heated water returns from the rim 22- to the upper coinpartu'lent L54 of the hub QU--, such water continues to How upwardly through the central pipe nipple -Q9 and radial arms "QL- ot' the upper water section fvtm, thence through the rim ot said section and back radially to the upper compartment M257* where it passes vtl'irough a pipe nipple --30- into a central hub 31- ot the distributing head or section w5--. rIlhis section w5 is fitted upon and secured by the nipple 30'- to the upper water section t and is provided with a hollow rim 3Q forming a water chamber 353- which is connected to the hub *A31 by radial spokes toilas best seen in Fig. The spokes 34- are. however` of substantially the same vertical width throughout their lengths from the hub -31- to the rim -32- which allows the upper portion of the head to be used for a steam chamber if desired. This distributing head or section -5- is of somewhat greater diameter than the underlying ring sections -4- so as to project radially some distance beyond the periphery ot' the water rings Jl-- thereby enlargingr the capacity of the hollow rim -32- except at the front and rear, the lower portion ot the front of' the rim 32- being cut away and partitioned oil' from the superposed water chamber to form a fire passage 555- which communicates with the lire passage between the spokes 34- and extends some distance forwardly beyond the periphery of the water rings The rear portion of the hollow rim 32A- is also partitioned oft' from the chamber -33- to form a tire and smoke passage 3G- extending from top to bottom et the section 5 Seated upon the upper end of the water base -8- is a radially projecting annular tlange #3T- ot substantially the same diameter as the distril'niting head or section -5, and between the tlange 537- and lower end of the head 5- is interposed a metal jacket -fliw which surrounds the water rings --flsome distance therefrom and forms a suitable smoke chamber P40 closed at the bottom by the flange 3T and communicating at its upper end with the smoke passages 35 and 3(3, as best seen in Fig. 1.

The cap or hood 6- is seated upon the upper end of the distributing head and covers the upper ends otl all the adjacent tire passages, and, therefore, communicates with the passages 35- and 36-. A damper lis located in this cap -6- just at the rear of the tire passages between the spokes 34- ot the distributing head -5-- and just in front of the tire passage -3G-, and is, therefore, adapted, when closed, to cut ott' direct communication between the upper ends of the smoke passages between the spokes of the several sections and main outlet, as Q, thereby causing the products of combustion to pass forwardly and downwardly through the passage -55- and around the outside of the water rings -4 and thence rearwardly and upwardly and outwardly at the rear ot the chamber, as shown by the arrows in Fig. l. 'Wlhen the damper 4l-is open for direct draft` the products of combustion may pass directly from the smoke passages between the spokes of the several water sections upwardly into the smoke cap 6- and thence rearwardly through the outlet -42, said chamber being usually opened when starting the tire.

By providing the distributing head 5- with the indirect passage -35- located as described, it is evident that when the damper 41- is closed the products of combustion will pass upwardly through or within the water rings and distributing head and then downwardly and around the outside of said water rings, thereby enveloping pratically the entire series ot rings in the heated products of combustion and producing a rapid heating of the water or conversion of such water into steam when steam heat is desired. The heated water or steam passes upwardly through suitable upllow pipes -stl-- and returns through somewhat smaller backtlow pipes -45, the object ot making the return pipes smaller than the upflow pipes being to prevent excessive suction in the uptiow pipes by the weight of the cooler return tiow water, it. being understood that the expansion ot the uptlow water is greater than that of the return flow.

One of the most important advantages ot this constriu'tion of boiler is that the heated products ot' combustion have a direct but short travel upwardly trom the combustion chalnber to the cap w(il, while the water travel is comparatively long from the base sqgtion to the top section or distributing chamber, so that the heat is most excessive at the top or surrounding the upper distributing chamber, and when the chamber --41- is closed the heated products of combustion arrx returned downwardly and around the water rings before escaping through the smoke tlue By thus establishing a comparatively short or direct upward passage ot the tire or heated products of combustion from the combustion chamber to the top of the boiler and passing the water back and forth from the center to the rim and return, the water passage is, therefore, of considerable length and surrounded by the upwardly passing heated products of combustion thereby producing an excessive heating oi the top where the surface watcr is expanded or converted into steam more rapidly than would be the case if the excessive heat were concentrated at the lower water ring.

That l claim is-n l. In a steam and hot water heater, a horizontally disposed water section comprising a hollow central hub having a horizontal partition dividing the interior of the hub into lower and upper compartments, a hollow rim surrounding the hub some distance therefrom and having its interior ot considerably greater vertical depth than that ot either of the compartments, a set of hollow spokes connecting the lower compartment with the interior ot the rim, and an additional set otI similar hollow spokes connecting the upper compartment with the intea Central hollow halo, a hollow circular rim coneentrie willi and spaced apart some distanee from the huh, .iaid hub having a horizontal partition dividiilg its interior into lower and upper compartnients each otI less vertical depth than the interior oit' the riin, and hollow radial spokes connecting the huh and rim, alternate spokes connecting t-he interior o't' the lower compartment with the interior of the rim and the remaining spokes connecting the upper roinpartnient with the interior ot the saine riin.

ln a steam or hot water heater, a hori- :contallyv disposed water ring comprising a central hollow huh having a horizontal partition dividingI its interior into lower and upper eoi'iniartnients, a hollow rim surrounding' the huh some distance therefrom, and outwardly flaring hollow spokes connecting the hul and riln and spaced apart forming intervening lire passagesA sonie of the spokes having their inner ends communicating with the lower conniartinent and the remaining spokes having their inner ends connnnnicatiug with the upper compartinent, the outer ends of the spokes being of greater vertical depth interiorlyv than the compartment with which theyY are connec-ted.

l. ln a steam or hot water heater, a horizontall)v disposed water section comprising a rentral hollow huh, a hollow rini surrounding, and spaced some distance trom, the huh, a set ot' hollow spokes vhaving their inner ends reduced in vertical depth and communieating with the interior o the lower end ot the huh,l and an additional set of hollow spokes alternating with the first named spokes and having their inner ends redueed in vertiral depth and i'sonnnunieating with the interior ot' the upper portion ot' the hul), said spokes having their outer ends eominnnicating with the interior of the hollow rini.

ln a steam or hot water heater, a horizontalli7 disposed water ring comprising a central hollow huh, a hollow circular rim eoneentrie with and spaced apart some distance troni the hull, said rim and huh heing of substantiallyv the saine vertical height, a partition substantially midway between the ends ot' the huh and dividing its interior into lower and upper compartments, sets of alternating hollow spoli'es having their outer ends of substantially the same vertical depth as the hollow rim and communicating with the interior thereof and their inner ends reduced in vertical depth, the inner ends of one .set of spokes connnunieat'ing with the lower eoinlnirtinent and the inner ends of the other set communir'rating with the upper con'ipartment.

(S. In a steam or hot water heater, a hori- Zontall)y disposed water ring having a hollow huh and a hollow rim, and hollow radial spokes connecting the interior of the hub with the interior of the rim, said spokes heilig wider at the top than at the bottom.

7. In a steam or hot water heater, a

Yater heating section comprising a central upright tubular hub having a transverse horizontal partition dividing it into upper and lower eoinlnirtinents, a hollow ring surrounding the hub some distance apart theret'roni, and of greater interior vertical depth than either of the compartments, a set ot inwardly tapering hollow spokes having their small ends connected to the lower compartment and their larger ends connected to the rin1 and a separate set of inwardly tapering spokes having their smaller ends connected to the upper compartment and their larger ends connected to the riin.

8. A steani or hot water heating seetion l'or boilers comprising a hollow huh, a hollow rim surrounding the hnlo, hollow spokes connecting the rim to the hul)1 and spaced apart forming intervening tire passages, a portion ol the hollow rim at one side heing of less vertical height than the remaining portions otl the riin forming a branch Ere and smoke passage communicating with the adjacent vertical tire passage, said riin having an extension formed with a separate smoke passage, in combination with a rap section covering the upper ends ot' the vertical sinoli and fire passages, and means within the cap tor rotting ott direct coinniunication between the branch fire passage and said separate vertical passage.

S). ln a steam or hot water heater, a rater hase having a central combustion chamber and a water chamber surrounding the coinh-nstion ehauiher, the upper end of said water hase heing provided with a Central hollow hul) closed at the bottom and open at the top` and hollow radial spokes connecting the water eliamber with the interior of the hub. said spokes being wider at the top than at the bottom and spaced apart forming intervening tire passages.

10. In a steam or hot water heater. a hase having a combustion chamber and a water chainher surrounding the combustion chamber and provided with a central tubular hub elosed at the bottom and open at the top, inwardly tapering hollow spokes connecting the water ehainloer to the interior of the hub, additional superposed tubular hubs connected to each other and to the lower hah, separate hollow rims, each surrounding one of the additional habs, partitions dividing the interiors of the additional habs into lower and upper compartments, inwardly tapering spokes connecting the outer rings to the lower compartments, additional in fardlyY tapering spokes connecting the hollow rims to the upper oompartmentsl` a steam drinn having vertical tire passages communicating with the combustion chamber, said drum having a lateral braneh passage eommunieating wlth one of the vertical passages, a separate vertical smoke passage communicating with the branch passage around the outside of said hollow rims, a cap covering the upper ends ot' the vertical smoke passages, and means within the cap for opening and closing direet communication between the first named vertical smoke passage and the separate vertical passage.

1l. In a boiler, a water ring comprising a. hollow rim and a hollow hub of substantiallyv the same vertical depth as the rim, said hub having a horizontal partition dividing it into upper and lower compartments, a series of hollow spokes connecting the lower compartment to the rim and a. separate series or' hollow spokes connecting the upper compartment to said rim.

1Q. In a boiler', in eon'ibination with a combustion chamber, a water section disposed horizontallyv above the combustion chamber, a hollow rim and a hollow hub, said hub having a horizontal partition dividing it into lower and upper compartments, a series of hollow spokes connecting the lower compartment to the rim and gradually increasing in Vertical depth from the hub to the said rim, and a separate series of hollow spokes eonneeting the upper Compartment to said rim and gradually increasing in vertical depth from the hub to the rim.

In a boiler, a water ring comprising a hollow rim and a central hollow hub having a horizontal partition dividing it into upper and lower compartments, a series of hollow spokes connecting the lower compartment to the rim and having their lower sides substantially horizontal and their upper sides inclined from the hub toward the rim, and a separate series of hollow spokes connecting the upper compartment to the rim and having their upper sides substantially horizontal and their lower sides inn elined upwardly from the rim toward the hub.

14. In a boiler, a water base having a combustion chamber, a water ring resting upon said base and comprising a hollow rim and a central hollow hub of substantially the saine Vertical depth as the rim, said hub being provided with a horizontal partition dividing it into upper and lower compartments, a series of hollow spokes eonneeting the lower compartment with the rim and gradually increasing in Vertical depth from the huh toward said rim and a separate series ot hollow spokes Connecting the upper con'ipartnient with the rini and graduallltV increasing in vertical depth from the hub toward the rim, connections between the lower compartment and the water base and an uptlow nipple leading 'from the upper compartment.

ln witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 8th day of June, 1909.

LOUIS K. IJECK.

Iitnessesz H. E. CHASE, J. M. Hons.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents.

Washington, D. C. 

